Sexual Diseases
Irregular or missed periods, also known as menstrual irregularities, refer to changes in the normal menstrual cycle. This can include periods that are too frequent, too infrequent, too heavy, too light, or completely absent. Causes Irregular or missed periods can result from a variety of causes...
Benign prostatic enlargement, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a noncancerous increase in the size of the prostate gland. This condition is common in older men and can affect urination and quality of life. Causes BPH is primarily related to aging and hormonal changes. As men age...
Understanding how the genitals work is essential for sexual health, reproduction, and overall well-being. Both male and female reproductive systems have unique structures and functions that contribute to sexual activity, hormone production, and procreation. Male Genital Function The male...
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that are primarily spread through sexual contact. They can affect anyone who is sexually active, regardless of age, gender, or sexual orientation. Early detection and treatment are important to prevent complications and transmission. Causes STIs...
Protecting oneself from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is a crucial aspect of sexual health. Understanding the various methods of protection and practicing them consistently can significantly reduce the risk of infection and promote overall well-being. Methods of Protection Several effective...
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. It is a significant global health problem, and understanding its causes, symptoms, and prevention is crucial for public health. Causes Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The virus...
Syphilis is a bacterial infection typically spread through sexual contact. It can cause serious health problems if left untreated, but it is curable with antibiotics, especially when detected early. Causes Syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It is usually transmitted through:...
Gonorrhea is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It can affect both men and women and, if left untreated, may lead to serious health complications. Causes Gonorrhea is transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person. This includes...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of more than 150 related viruses, some of which can cause warts on the skin, genitals, and other areas. Certain types of HPV can also lead to cancer, making it a significant public health concern. Causes HPV is primarily transmitted through skin-to-skin contact...
Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can affect both men and women and, if left untreated, can lead to serious health problems, especially in women. Causes Chlamydia is transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person...
Genital warts are soft growths that appear on the genital and anal areas. They are a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by certain types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Causes Genital warts are caused by infection with low-risk types of HPV, most commonly types 6 and 11. The virus...
Mycoplasma are a type of bacteria that lack a cell wall, making them different from other bacteria. Several species of Mycoplasma can infect the genital area, with Mycoplasma genitalium being the most common and well-studied. These infections can cause symptoms similar to other sexually transmitted...
Scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by tiny mites called Sarcoptes scabiei. These mites burrow into the upper layer of the skin, where they live and lay their eggs. Scabies causes intense itching and a pimple-like skin rash. Causes Scabies is primarily spread through prolonged, direct...
Chronic prostatitis, also known as chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), is a condition that causes long-term pain and urinary symptoms in men. It is not always caused by an infection and can be challenging to diagnose and treat. Causes The exact cause of chronic prostatitis is not fully understood...
Itching in the genital area is a common symptom that can affect people of all ages and genders. While it is often harmless and temporary, persistent or severe itching may indicate an underlying medical condition that requires attention. Causes Genital itching can result from a variety of causes...
Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus. This misplaced tissue can cause pain, inflammation, and sometimes fertility problems. Causes The exact cause of endometriosis is not fully understood, but several factors...
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus is a chronic skin condition that most commonly affects the genital and anal areas. It leads to thin, white, patchy skin that can cause discomfort and scarring if left untreated. Causes The exact cause of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus is unknown, but several factors...
Pubic lice, sometimes called “crabs,” are tiny parasitic insects that infest the coarse hair of the human genital area. While not dangerous, they can cause significant discomfort and are a common concern for sexually active individuals. Causes Pubic lice are caused by an infestation of...
Vaginismus is a condition characterized by the involuntary contraction of the muscles around the vagina, making penetration difficult or impossible. This can lead to discomfort, pain, and challenges with sexual activity. Causes The exact causes of vaginismus can vary, but they often include a...
Difficulty getting an erection, also known as erectile dysfunction (ED), is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection firm enough for satisfactory sexual intercourse. It’s a common condition that can affect men of all ages, though it becomes more prevalent with age. Causes Erections are...
Premature ejaculation (PE) is a condition in which a man ejaculates sooner than he or his partner would like during sexual activity. It’s a common sexual complaint, affecting many men at some point in their lives. Causes The exact causes of premature ejaculation are not always clear, but they...
Itching and pain in the genital area are common symptoms that can affect people of all ages and genders. These sensations can be uncomfortable and sometimes distressing, but understanding their possible causes and solutions can help guide appropriate care. Causes Genital itching and pain can result...
Sex drive, also known as libido, and arousal are important aspects of human sexuality. They influence desire, intimacy, and overall well-being. While everyone’s experience of sex drive and arousal is different, understanding how they work can help individuals and couples navigate changes and...
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside the ovaries. Most ovarian cysts are harmless and resolve on their own, but some can cause symptoms or complications that require medical attention. Causes Ovarian cysts can form for several reasons: Normal menstrual cycle: Functional...
Prolapse refers to the descent or displacement of organs from their normal position. In women, this often involves the pelvic organs, such as the uterus, bladder, or rectum, dropping down into the vagina. Causes Pelvic organ prolapse can occur due to: Weakening of pelvic floor muscles: Pregnancy...
Myomas, also known as uterine fibroids, are noncancerous growths that develop in the uterus. They are common, especially in women of reproductive age, and can vary in size, number, and location. Causes The exact cause of uterine fibroids is not fully understood, but several factors may contribute:...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects people with ovaries, typically during their reproductive years. It is characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen (male hormone) levels, and the presence of multiple small cysts on the ovaries. Causes The...
Salpingitis is an infection and inflammation of the fallopian tubes, which connect the ovaries to the uterus. It is a type of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Causes Salpingitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection that spreads from the...
Spotting and blood-tinged discharge refer to light bleeding or pinkish-brown discharge from the vagina that occurs outside of a regular menstrual period. While often harmless, these symptoms can sometimes indicate an underlying health issue. Causes Spotting and blood-tinged discharge can result from...
Heavy periods, also known as menorrhagia, refer to menstrual bleeding that is excessively heavy or prolonged. While the definition of “heavy” can vary, it generally means bleeding that interferes with daily activities and significantly impacts quality of life. Causes Heavy periods can...
A yeast infection in the genital area, also known as vulvovaginal candidiasis, is a common fungal infection that affects the vagina and vulva (the tissues at the opening of the vagina). It is usually caused by an overgrowth of the yeast Candida albicans. Causes Yeast infections are caused by an...
Provoked vulvodynia is a chronic pain condition characterized by pain in the vulva (the external female genitals), specifically triggered by touch or pressure. The pain is typically localized to the vestibule, the area surrounding the opening of the vagina. Causes The exact cause of provoked...
Cervical cell changes refer to alterations in the cells lining the cervix, often detected during routine cervical screening (Pap smear or HPV test). While many changes are harmless and resolve on their own, some may indicate a risk for cervical cancer if left untreated. Causes Cervical cell changes...
Vaginal discharge is a normal and natural function of the female reproductive system. It helps to keep the vagina clean, moist, and protected from infection. The amount, color, and consistency of vaginal discharge can vary depending on the menstrual cycle, hormonal changes, and individual factors...
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of the bacteria that are normally present in the vagina. It is not considered a sexually transmitted infection (STI), but it is more common in sexually active individuals. Causes Bacterial vaginosis occurs when there is a...
Foreskin problems refer to a range of conditions that can affect the foreskin, the fold of skin covering the head of the penis. These issues can occur at any age and may cause discomfort, pain, or difficulty with urination and hygiene. Causes Common causes of foreskin problems include: Phimosis: The...
Balanitis is the inflammation of the head of the penis (glans) and often the foreskin. It is a common condition in young boys, especially those who have not yet been circumcised. Causes Balanitis in children can be caused by several factors: Poor hygiene: Accumulation of smegma (a natural secretion)...
Tight foreskin, also known as phimosis, is a condition in which the foreskin cannot be fully retracted (pulled back) over the head of the penis. It is common in infants and young boys and is often a normal developmental stage. Causes In most cases, tight foreskin in children is physiological...
Chronic prostatitis, also known as chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), is a condition that causes persistent pain and urinary symptoms in men. It is not always caused by an infection and can be challenging to diagnose and manage. Causes The exact cause of chronic prostatitis is often unclear, but...
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the prostate gland, a small gland located below the bladder in men. It is one of the most common types of cancer in men, but it is often slow-growing and highly treatable, especially when detected early. Causes The exact cause of prostate cancer...
Prostatitis refers to inflammation of the prostate gland, which can cause pain, urinary symptoms, and sexual dysfunction in men. It can be acute (sudden onset) or chronic (long-lasting) and has several different causes. Causes Prostatitis can be caused by: Bacterial infection: Bacteria from the...
Epididymitis is the inflammation of the epididymis, a coiled tube located at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm. It is a common cause of scrotal pain and swelling in men. Causes Epididymitis is most often caused by: Bacterial infections: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)...
A swollen scrotum refers to an enlargement or puffiness of the scrotal sac, which can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions. Swelling may be painless or accompanied by pain, and it can affect one or both sides of the scrotum. Causes Common causes of a swollen scrotum include: Infections:...
An undescended testicle, also known as cryptorchidism, is a condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum before birth. It is most common in premature infants but can also occur in full-term babies. Causes During fetal development, the testicles form in...
Orchitis is inflammation of one or both testicles, often resulting in pain and swelling. It can affect males of any age and may be caused by infections or other medical conditions. Causes Orchitis is most commonly caused by: Viral infections: The mumps virus is a well-known cause, especially in...
Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that occurs when the spermatic cord, which provides blood flow to the testicle, becomes twisted. This twisting cuts off the blood supply to the testicle, and if not treated quickly, it can lead to permanent damage and loss of the testicle. Causes Testicular...
A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac surrounding a testicle that causes swelling in the scrotum. It is common in newborns and usually not harmful. Causes Hydroceles in children can be caused by: Congenital hydrocele: During fetal development, the testicles descend from the abdomen into the scrotum...
Pain in the scrotum is a symptom that can range from mild discomfort to severe, sudden pain. It can affect males of any age and may be caused by a variety of underlying conditions, some of which require urgent medical attention. Causes Scrotal pain can result from several causes, including:...
Men’s sexual health is a vital aspect of overall well-being, encompassing physical, emotional, and reproductive health. However, it is often a topic surrounded by stigma or misinformation, leading many men to neglect important aspects of their sexual health. From preventing sexually transmitted...
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition that affects millions of men worldwide, particularly as they age. While occasional difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection is normal, persistent ED can be a sign of underlying health issues that require attention. Beyond its physical impact, ED...
Introduction Prostate health is a crucial aspect of men’s overall well-being, particularly as they age. The prostate, a small gland about the size of a walnut, plays a vital role in male reproductive health. This comprehensive guide explores various aspects of prostate health, including common...