Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease is a very common, contagious viral illness, mostly in young children. It’s usually mild. It causes small blisters or spots on the hands, feet, and inside the mouth, and sometimes a low fever.
What causes it
- Viruses called enteroviruses (often coxsackievirus).
- Spreads through saliva, nasal mucus, stool, and fluid from blisters.
- Daycares and schools are common settings for spread.
Typical symptoms
- Low fever, sore throat, feeling unwell for 1–2 days.
- Painful mouth sores (small blisters/ulcers on the tongue, gums, inner cheeks).
- Rash on palms and soles: small red spots or blisters; can also appear on buttocks and legs.
- Kids may drool or refuse food because mouth hurts.
When to see a doctor
- Signs of dehydration (very little pee, dry mouth, no tears).
- High fever lasting more than 3 days.
- If your child is very sleepy, in severe pain, or you’re worried about anything unusual.
- Newborns, children with weak immune systems, or if pregnant and unsure—ask your clinician.
How it’s diagnosed
- Usually by appearance and symptoms; tests aren’t needed.
How to care for it at home
- Pain and fever: acetaminophen or ibuprofen (avoid aspirin in children). Ask your pediatrician for dosing.
- Mouth pain: cool drinks, ice pops, smoothies; avoid spicy/acidic foods. A straw can help.
- Fluids: offer water or oral rehydration solutions often.
- Rest and keep your child home while fever is present and mouth sores are very drooly/open.
Preventing spread
- Handwashing (after bathroom/diaper changes; before eating).
- Don’t share cups, utensils, or towels.
- Clean high-touch surfaces.
- Children can usually return to school when they feel well, have no fever for 24 hours, and can manage drooling—follow local school advice.
What to expect
- Most children improve within 7–10 days.
- Peeling of fingers/toes can happen later; fingernails or toenails may temporarily lift or shed a few weeks after—this usually grows back normally.