These two mouth problems are often confused but have different causes and care. Canker sores (Aphthous ulcers) What they are: Small, shallow ulcers inside the mouth (inner lips/cheeks, tongue, soft palate). Not contagious. What they look like: Round/oval sores with…
These three can all cause a flaky or scaly scalp, but they differ in cause and treatment. Dandruff (Seborrheic Dermatitis of the Scalp) What it is: A common, noncontagious condition linked to skin oils and a yeast on the skin’s…
An ingrown toenail happens when the corner or side of a toenail grows into the nearby skin, causing pain, redness, swelling, and sometimes infection. The big toe is most often affected. Why it happens Trimming nails too short or rounding…
Part A: Sun Safety Essentials Why it matters Sun exposure ages skin (wrinkles, spots) and raises risk of skin cancer (including melanoma). Protection works at any age. Sun-smart steps Seek shade from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Wear protective clothing:…
Hand dermatitis is irritation or eczema on the hands caused by frequent wet work, soaps/chemicals, gloves, or allergens at home or work. It leads to dry, cracked, itchy, sometimes painful skin. It’s common in healthcare, cleaning, food service, hairdressing, mechanics,…
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It has stages, and skin signs are common early on. It’s curable with antibiotics, but early diagnosis matters. How it spreads Sexual contact (oral, vaginal, anal) and through…
Genital warts are soft, flesh-colored or pink growths caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), usually types 6 and 11. They’re common, benign, and treatable—but can recur. How they spread Skin-to-skin sexual contact (vaginal, anal, oral). Condoms reduce risk…
Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 or HSV-2). It can cause painful blisters or sores, but many people have very mild symptoms or none and can still spread it. How it…
Roseola is a common viral illness in babies and toddlers (usually 6–24 months). It typically causes a sudden high fever for a few days, followed by a pink rash once the fever breaks. Most children recover quickly. What causes it…
Rubella is a contagious viral illness that is usually mild in children and adults, with low fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a fine pink rash. It is dangerous in pregnancy because it can harm a developing baby. How it spreads…
