Introduction Tics are sudden, rapid, repetitive movements or sounds that are difficult to control. They are common in childhood and can range from mild to severe. While tics are often temporary and harmless, they can sometimes interfere with daily life…
Introduction Polycythemia is a condition in which the body produces too many red blood cells. This increases the thickness of the blood, making it harder for blood to flow and raising the risk of blood clots, stroke, and other complications.…
Introduction Low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, occurs when the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is lower than normal. While low blood pressure is often harmless and may even be a sign of good health,…
Introduction Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to the tissues. This can lead to fatigue, weakness, and a range of other symptoms. Anemia is common and…
Introduction Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide and occurs when the body does not have enough iron to produce healthy red blood cells. Iron is essential for carrying oxygen throughout the body, and a deficiency can lead…
Introduction Vitamin B12 deficiency occurs when the body does not have enough vitamin B12, an essential nutrient needed for healthy nerve function, red blood cell production, and DNA synthesis. This deficiency can lead to a range of symptoms, from fatigue…
Introduction Hemophilia is a rare, inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly. This leads to prolonged bleeding after injuries, surgery, or even spontaneously, especially into joints and muscles. Hemophilia can range from mild to severe, and…
Introduction A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is located at the front of the neck. Goiters can vary in size and may or may not cause symptoms. While some goiters are harmless, others can signal…
Introduction Thyroiditis refers to inflammation of the thyroid gland, which can lead to either overproduction or underproduction of thyroid hormones. The condition can be temporary or chronic and may cause a range of symptoms depending on the type and stage…
Introduction Congenital lack of thyroid hormone, also known as congenital hypothyroidism, is a condition present at birth in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. These hormones are essential for normal growth, brain development, and metabolism. Early…
