Introduction Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland. Over time, this can cause inflammation and damage that reduces the gland’s ability to produce thyroid hormones, leading to hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid). Hashimoto’s…
Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease that speeds up the life cycle of skin cells. This causes a buildup of cells on the skin’s surface, leading to red, scaly, itchy patches. Psoriasis can range from mild to severe…
Introduction Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, the body cannot regulate blood sugar (glucose) properly, leading to high blood sugar levels. Unlike type 2…
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. In MS, the immune system damages the protective covering of nerve fibers (myelin), causing communication problems between the…
Introduction Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues and organs. It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain, leading to a wide range of symptoms. Common signs include extreme…
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the joints. This leads to pain, swelling, stiffness, and eventually joint damage if left untreated. Unlike osteoarthritis, which comes from wear and tear, RA…
Introduction Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by consuming gluten—a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley. In people with celiac disease, gluten intake causes the body’s immune system to attack the small intestine, leading to inflammation and…
