Introduction Functional dyspepsia (FD), often referred to as a sensitive stomach, is a chronic disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent symptoms of indigestion without any identifiable structural or biochemical abnormalities. People with FD experience discomfort in the upper abdomen, such…
Introduction Heartburn, also known as acid reflux, is a common condition characterized by a burning sensation in the chest, often rising up towards the throat. It occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, the tube that carries food…
Introduction Hiccups are involuntary contractions of the diaphragm, the muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen and plays a crucial role in breathing. Each contraction is followed by a sudden closure of the vocal cords, which produces the characteristic…
Introduction Acid reflux, or gastroesophageal reflux (GER), occurs when stomach contents flow back up into the esophagus. While mild reflux is common in infants and young children and often resolves on its own, persistent or severe symptoms may indicate gastroesophageal…
Introduction A stomach ulcer, also known as a peptic ulcer, is a sore that develops in the lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). Ulcers occur when the protective mucus layer is weakened, allowing…
Introduction Stomach pain, or abdominal pain, is a common complaint in children. It can range from mild and temporary to severe and persistent, and it can have a variety of causes. Understanding the potential reasons for stomach pain in children…
Introduction Stomach pain, or abdominal pain, is a common symptom in adults that can range from mild and temporary to severe and chronic. It can arise from a variety of causes, including digestive issues, infections, or underlying medical conditions. Understanding…
Introduction Pyloric stenosis is a condition that affects infants, typically between 2 and 12 weeks of age, in which the pylorus (the muscular valve between the stomach and the small intestine) thickens and narrows. This narrowing blocks the passage of…
Introduction Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small, finger-shaped pouch attached to the large intestine in the lower right side of the abdomen. It is a common cause of acute abdominal pain and is considered a medical emergency.…
Introduction Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common, chronic disorder that affects the large intestine (colon). It is characterized by a group of symptoms, including abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea, constipation, or both. IBS…
