Introduction Hip dislocation in newborns, also known as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a condition where the hip joint is not properly formed, allowing the head of the femur (thigh bone) to slip out of its socket. Early…
Introduction A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled sac that develops behind the knee, causing a bulge and a feeling of tightness. It occurs when synovial fluid, which lubricates the knee joint, accumulates in a…
Introduction Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), also known as childhood rheumatism, is the most common type of chronic arthritis in children. It is characterized by persistent joint inflammation, pain, and swelling that lasts for at least six weeks in children under…
Introduction Bursitis is a painful condition that affects the bursae, which are small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion the bones, tendons, and muscles near the joints. Inflammation of these bursae can cause pain, stiffness, and limited movement. Bursitis commonly affects the…
Introduction Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of rare, inherited connective tissue disorders characterized by joint hypermobility, skin that is unusually stretchy or fragile, and a tendency to bruise easily. The severity and specific symptoms can vary widely depending on…
Introduction Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint, leading to a significant restriction in range of motion. The condition typically develops gradually and progresses through distinct stages. Early…
Introduction Gout is a common and painful form of inflammatory arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. This buildup leads to sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness in the affected joints, most…
Introduction Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the hip joint. This leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, which can significantly affect daily activities and quality of life. Hip osteoarthritis is…
Introduction Knee pain is a common complaint among children and adolescents, particularly those who are physically active. Knee problems can range from minor, self-limiting conditions to more serious injuries or underlying medical issues. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential…
Introduction Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. This leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, which can significantly affect daily activities and quality of life. Knee osteoarthritis is…
