Introduction Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia, gradually interfering with a person’s ability to carry out daily activities. While there is currently no cure, early…
Introduction Dementia is a collective term for a range of diseases and conditions that cause a decline in memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday activities. Dementia is not a single disease, but rather a group of symptoms…
Introduction Down syndrome is a genetic condition that occurs when a person has an extra copy of chromosome 21. This additional genetic material affects development, leading to characteristic physical features, intellectual disability, and an increased risk of certain health problems.…
Introduction Hydrocephalus is a medical condition in which there is an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the cavities (ventricles) of the brain. This excess fluid increases pressure inside the skull, which can damage brain tissues and affect physical…
Introduction Fatigue is a common symptom experienced during or after many illnesses. It is more than just feeling tired—it is a persistent sense of exhaustion that can affect physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Fatigue due to illness can interfere with…
Introduction Dyscalculia is a specific learning difficulty that affects a person’s ability to understand and work with numbers. Sometimes referred to as “math dyslexia,” dyscalculia can make it challenging to perform basic arithmetic, understand mathematical concepts, and manage everyday tasks…
Introduction Dyslexia is a common learning difference that primarily affects a person’s ability to read, write, and spell. It is not related to intelligence or motivation, but rather to how the brain processes written and spoken language. With early identification…
Introduction Polyneuropathy is a condition that affects multiple peripheral nerves throughout the body, leading to a range of symptoms such as weakness, numbness, tingling, and pain. The condition can develop gradually or suddenly and may impact movement, sensation, and even…
Introduction Spina bifida is a birth defect that occurs when the spine and spinal cord do not develop properly during early pregnancy. This condition can range from mild to severe and may affect movement, sensation, and organ function below the…
Introduction Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles. People with narcolepsy experience excessive daytime sleepiness and may suddenly fall asleep at inappropriate times. The condition can significantly impact daily life, work, and…
