Introduction Knee pain is a common complaint among children and adolescents, particularly those who are physically active. Knee problems can range from minor, self-limiting conditions to more serious injuries or underlying medical issues. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential…
Introduction Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. This leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, which can significantly affect daily activities and quality of life. Knee osteoarthritis is…
Introduction Joint pain, also known as arthralgia, is a common symptom that can affect one or multiple joints in the body. It can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and may be acute or chronic. Joint pain can significantly…
Introduction Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), commonly known as runner’s knee, is a common cause of lateral knee pain in athletes, particularly runners and cyclists. It occurs when the iliotibial (IT) band, a thick band of fibrous tissue that runs along…
Introduction Hip problems in children can arise from a variety of causes and may present as pain, limping, or restricted movement. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to prevent long-term complications and support healthy growth and development. Hip disorders…
Introduction Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that primarily affects the spine and the sacroiliac joints, which connect the lower spine to the pelvis. The condition can cause persistent back pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Early recognition…
Introduction Bone infection, medically known as osteomyelitis, is a serious condition in which bacteria or, less commonly, fungi infect the bone. In children, osteomyelitis most often affects the long bones of the arms or legs. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are…
Introduction Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the joints. This degenerative condition leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, most often affecting the knees, hips, hands, and spine. Osteoarthritis can…
Introduction A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled sac that develops behind the knee, causing a bulge and a feeling of tightness. It occurs when synovial fluid, which lubricates the knee joint, accumulates in a…
Introduction Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), also known as childhood rheumatism, is the most common type of chronic arthritis in children. It is characterized by persistent joint inflammation, pain, and swelling that lasts for at least six weeks in children under…
