Musculoskeletal Disorders
Introduction Heel pain is a common complaint that can significantly impact daily activities and quality of life. It can arise from various causes, ranging from overuse injuries to structural problems. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to relieve pain, promote healing, and...
Introduction Back pain is a common ailment that affects people of all ages and can range from mild discomfort to severe, debilitating pain. It can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) and may result from a variety of causes. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to...
Introduction A ganglion cyst is a noncancerous, fluid-filled lump that typically develops along the tendons or joints of the wrists or hands, but can also appear on the ankles or feet. These cysts are...
Introduction Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. This nerve compression leads to symptoms such...
Introduction A brachial plexus injury in newborns is a condition that occurs when the network of nerves controlling movement and sensation in the shoulder, arm, and hand is damaged during birth. This...
Introduction Dupuytren’s contracture is a progressive hand condition characterized by thickening and tightening of the connective tissue (fascia) beneath the skin of the palm and fingers. Over time...
Introduction Dysmelia is a congenital condition characterized by abnormal development of the limbs, resulting in missing, shortened, or malformed arms, legs, hands, or feet. The severity and...
Introduction Shin splints, also known as medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), is a common condition causing pain along the shinbone (tibia). It is often experienced by athletes, runners, and...
Introduction Hallux rigidus is a degenerative condition affecting the big toe joint, leading to stiffness, pain, and reduced range of motion. It is a form of osteoarthritis that primarily impacts the...
Introduction Hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, is a deformity of the big toe joint where the big toe deviates toward the other toes, causing a prominent bump on the inner side of the foot...
Introduction Hammertoe is a deformity in which one or more of the smaller toes become bent at the middle joint, causing the toe to resemble a hammer. This condition can lead to pain, difficulty...
Introduction Plantar fasciitis is a common condition causing pain in the heel and arch of the foot. It results from inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the...
Introduction Cavus foot, also known as high-arched foot, is a condition characterized by an abnormally high arch on the sole of the foot. This structural abnormality can lead to uneven weight...
Introduction Flatfoot, also known as pes planus or fallen arches, is a condition where the arch of the foot is lower than normal or absent, causing the entire sole to touch the ground when standing...
Introduction Morton’s neuroma is a painful condition affecting the ball of the foot, most commonly between the third and fourth toes. It involves thickening of the tissue around one of the nerves...
Introduction Osgood-Schlatter disease is a common cause of knee pain in growing children and adolescents, especially those who are physically active. The condition involves inflammation of the area...
Introduction Achilles tendinitis is an overuse injury that causes inflammation of the Achilles tendon, the large tendon connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone. This condition is common among...
Introduction Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in specific areas of the body. It often coexists with sleep disturbances...
Introduction Neck pain following an accident, such as a car crash, fall, or sports injury, is a common concern and can range from mild discomfort to severe injury. It is important to take neck pain...
Introduction Spinal stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the spaces within the spine, which can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. This narrowing most commonly occurs in...
Introduction Scoliosis is a condition characterized by an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine. The curve can develop in the thoracic (upper back), lumbar (lower back), or both regions, and may...
ntroduction Neck and shoulder pain is a common complaint that can result from a variety of causes, ranging from muscle tension to more serious underlying conditions. The interconnected nature of the...
Introduction Acute torticollis, commonly known as nackspärr, is a condition characterized by sudden onset of neck pain and stiffness, causing the head to tilt to one side and difficulty turning the...
Introduction A vertebral compression fracture, known as kotkompression in Swedish, occurs when a bone in the spine (vertebra) collapses or is compressed. This condition is most common in older adults...
Introduction A herniated disc, also known as a slipped or ruptured disc, occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc pushes through a tear in the tough outer layer. This can put pressure on...
Introduction Osteoporosis is a chronic condition characterized by decreased bone density and strength, making bones more fragile and susceptible to fractures. It is often called a “silent disease”...
Introduction Growing pains are a common and harmless cause of discomfort in children, typically occurring in the legs. These pains most often affect children between the ages of 3 and 12 and are not...
Introduction Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is the muscle pain, soreness, or stiffness that occurs 12 to 72 hours after strenuous or unaccustomed exercise. It is a common experience, especially...
Introduction Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a common condition that causes pain on the outside of the elbow. It is an overuse injury that affects the tendons that attach the...
Introduction De Quervain’s syndrome, also known as De Quervain’s tenosynovitis, is a painful condition affecting the tendons on the thumb side of the wrist. It is caused by inflammation of the sheath...
Introduction Mallet finger, also known as drop finger, is a condition in which the fingertip cannot be straightened due to damage to the tendon that extends the finger. This injury typically occurs...
Introduction Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the tendons in the hand, causing pain, stiffness, and a sensation of locking or catching when bending or...
Introduction Syndactyly is a congenital condition in which two or more fingers or toes are fused together, either by skin, soft tissue, or bone. This fusion can affect function and appearance, and may...
Introduction Willis-Ekbom disease, more commonly known as restless legs syndrome (RLS), is a neurological condition characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs, usually accompanied by...
Introduction Bursitis is a painful condition that affects the bursae, which are small, fluid-filled sacs that cushion the bones, tendons, and muscles near the joints. Inflammation of these bursae can...
Introduction Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of rare, inherited connective tissue disorders characterized by joint hypermobility, skin that is unusually stretchy or fragile, and a tendency to...
Introduction Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint, leading to a significant restriction in range of motion. The...
Introduction Gout is a common and painful form of inflammatory arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. This buildup leads to sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling...
Introduction Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the hip joint. This leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, which can...
Introduction Knee pain is a common complaint among children and adolescents, particularly those who are physically active. Knee problems can range from minor, self-limiting conditions to more serious...
Introduction Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the knee joint. This leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, which can...
Introduction Joint pain, also known as arthralgia, is a common symptom that can affect one or multiple joints in the body. It can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and may be acute or chronic...
Introduction Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), commonly known as runner’s knee, is a common cause of lateral knee pain in athletes, particularly runners and cyclists. It occurs when the...
Introduction Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that primarily affects the spine and the sacroiliac joints, which connect the lower spine to the pelvis. The...
Introduction Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, characterized by the gradual breakdown of cartilage in the joints. This degenerative condition leads to pain, stiffness, and reduced...
Introduction A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled sac that develops behind the knee, causing a bulge and a feeling of tightness. It occurs when synovial fluid, which...
Osteoporosis is a common yet often overlooked condition that primarily affects women, especially as they age. It is characterized by a decrease in bone density and strength, making bones more fragile...