Swollen scrotum

A swollen scrotum refers to an enlargement or puffiness of the scrotal sac, which can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions. Swelling may be painless or accompanied by pain, and it can affect one or both sides of the scrotum.

Causes

Common causes of a swollen scrotum include:

  • Infections: Such as epididymitis, orchitis, or sexually transmitted infections.
  • Injury: Trauma to the scrotum can cause swelling and bruising.
  • Hydrocele: Accumulation of fluid around the testicle.
  • Varicocele: Enlarged veins within the scrotum.
  • Hernia: Inguinal hernia can cause a bulge and swelling in the scrotum.
  • Testicular torsion: Twisting of the spermatic cord, which is a medical emergency.
  • Tumors: Testicular cancer or benign growths.

Symptoms

Symptoms associated with a swollen scrotum may include:

  • Noticeable enlargement or puffiness of the scrotum
  • Redness or warmth of the skin
  • Pain or tenderness
  • A feeling of heaviness or discomfort
  • Nausea or vomiting (especially with severe pain)
  • Fever or chills (if infection is present)
  • Lump or mass in the scrotum

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves:

  • Medical history and symptom review
  • Physical examination of the scrotum and testicles
  • Ultrasound: To assess the cause of swelling and blood flow to the testicles
  • Urine and blood tests: To check for infection or other underlying conditions

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the underlying cause:

  • Infections: Antibiotics or antiviral medications
  • Testicular torsion: Emergency surgery to restore blood flow
  • Hydrocele or varicocele: May require surgical repair if symptomatic
  • Hernia: Surgical repair is often needed
  • Injury: Supportive care, pain relief, and sometimes surgery
  • Tumors: Further evaluation and treatment, which may include surgery

Prevention

To help prevent scrotal swelling:

  • Practice safe sex to reduce the risk of infections
  • Wear protective gear during sports or activities with risk of injury
  • Seek prompt medical attention for any new or severe scrotal swelling or pain

Takeaway

A swollen scrotum can be a sign of various underlying conditions, some of which require urgent medical attention. Early evaluation by a healthcare provider is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment, helping to prevent complications and protect reproductive health.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *