Introduction Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland. Over time, this can cause inflammation and damage that reduces the gland’s ability to produce thyroid hormones, leading to hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid). Hashimoto’s…
Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease that speeds up the life cycle of skin cells. This causes a buildup of cells on the skin’s surface, leading to red, scaly, itchy patches. Psoriasis can range from mild to severe…
Introduction Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, the body cannot regulate blood sugar (glucose) properly, leading to high blood sugar levels. Unlike type 2…
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. In MS, the immune system damages the protective covering of nerve fibers (myelin), causing communication problems between the…
Introduction Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues and organs. It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain, leading to a wide range of symptoms. Common signs include extreme…
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus is a chronic skin condition that most commonly affects the genital and anal areas. It leads to thin, white, patchy skin that can cause discomfort and scarring if left untreated. Causes The exact cause of lichen…
