Introduction Clubfoot, medically known as pes equinovarus adductus (PEVA), is a congenital deformity in which one or both feet are twisted inward and downward. This condition is present at birth and affects the bones, muscles, tendons, and blood vessels of…
Introduction Leg length discrepancy (LLD) in children refers to a condition where one leg is shorter than the other. This difference can range from a few millimeters to several centimeters and may affect walking, posture, and overall musculoskeletal health. Early…
Introduction Toe walking is a gait pattern in which a child walks on the balls of their feet, with little or no contact between the heels and the ground. While toe walking is common in toddlers who are just learning…
Introduction Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), often referred to as muskelreumatism, is an inflammatory disorder that causes muscle pain and stiffness, primarily in the shoulders, neck, and hips. The condition typically affects people over the age of 50 and is more common…
Introduction Compartment syndrome is a serious medical condition that occurs when increased pressure within a closed muscle compartment impairs blood flow and nerve function. This can lead to tissue damage and, if untreated, permanent loss of function or even limb…
Introduction Hip dislocation in newborns, also known as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), is a condition where the hip joint is not properly formed, allowing the head of the femur (thigh bone) to slip out of its socket. Early…
Introduction Hip problems in children can arise from a variety of causes and may present as pain, limping, or restricted movement. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to prevent long-term complications and support healthy growth and development. Hip disorders…
Introduction Bone infection, medically known as osteomyelitis, is a serious condition in which bacteria or, less commonly, fungi infect the bone. In children, osteomyelitis most often affects the long bones of the arms or legs. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are…
Introduction Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), also known as childhood rheumatism, is the most common type of chronic arthritis in children. It is characterized by persistent joint inflammation, pain, and swelling that lasts for at least six weeks in children under…
Introduction Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory joint disease associated with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches. This form of arthritis can affect any joint in the body and often leads to pain, swelling, and stiffness. Psoriatic…
