Cholesteatoma, sometimes referred to as a “pearl cyst,” is an abnormal skin growth that occurs in the middle ear behind the eardrum. It is not cancerous but can cause significant problems if left untreated. Cholesteatomas can damage the delicate structures…
Introduction Pyloric stenosis is a condition that affects infants, typically between 2 and 12 weeks of age, in which the pylorus (the muscular valve between the stomach and the small intestine) thickens and narrows. This narrowing blocks the passage of…
Introduction Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small, finger-shaped pouch attached to the large intestine in the lower right side of the abdomen. It is a common cause of acute abdominal pain and is considered a medical emergency.…
Introduction An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue, such as part of the intestine, protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles in the groin area. This can create a noticeable bulge and cause pain or discomfort, especially when straining,…
Introduction An umbilical hernia occurs when a portion of the intestine or other abdominal tissue protrudes through the umbilical opening in the abdominal muscles near the navel (belly button). This condition is common in infants and usually resolves on its…
Neck cysts and fistulas are uncommon but important causes of swelling or lumps in the neck. While most neck swellings are due to enlarged lymph nodes, cysts and fistulas are typically congenital, meaning they are remnants from fetal development. These…
For most parents, a child’s health is a top priority, and any sign of discomfort can be concerning. One common issue that can cause worry is enlarged tonsils. While tonsils play a vital role in a child’s immune system, sometimes…
Introduction Gallstones are solid particles that form in the gallbladder, a small organ located beneath the liver. The gallbladder stores bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver. Gallstones can range in size from tiny grains to large stones and…
Introduction Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction or “tarmvred” in Swedish, is a serious condition where the normal flow of contents through the intestines is blocked. This blockage can occur in either the small or large intestine and may…
Introduction Hirschsprung’s disease is a rare congenital condition that affects the large intestine (colon) and causes problems with passing stool. It occurs when nerve cells (ganglion cells) are missing from a segment of the bowel, resulting in a lack of…
